Cell Structure and Function

What is the total magnification of a microscope with two lenses when one lens has a magnification of 15, and the other lens has a magnification of 30?
1. 30
2. 15
3. 45
4. 450
How does magnification occur in an electron microscope?
1. Light is reflected by an electron beam.
2. An electron beam makes the object become larger.
3. An electron beam creates a high resolution image.
4. Light is changed into electrons by a convex lens.
Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory?
1. All cells are produced from other cells.
2. Only plants are composed of cells.
3. Cells are one of several basic units of structure and function in living things.
4. Only animals are composed of cells.
Which of the following statements is NOT part of the cell theory?
1. Only animals are composed of cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
3. All cells are produced from other cells.
4. All living things are composed of cells.
How does a microscope work?
1. Each concave lens bends the light to make the object appear larger.
2. Each convex lens bends the light to make the object appear larger.
3. The reflection of each concave lens makes the object appear larger.
4. Each convex lens bens the light to make the object become larger.
What does the term resolution refer to?
1. how big an image can be
2. how much light is needed to see an image
3. how sharp an image is
4. how many lenses a microscope uses
What is the function of a cell membrane?
1. to perform different functions in each cell
2. to control what enters and leaves the cell
3. to form a hard outer covering for the cell
4. to protect and support the cell
Which organelle is the control center of a cell?
1. ribosome
2. chloroplast
3. nucleus
4. mitochondrion
Which organelles produce most of the energy needed by a cell?
1. chloroplasts
2. mitochondria
3. vacuoles
4. ribosomes
Which organelles produce proteins in the cell?
1. ribosomes
2. Golgi bodies
3. vacuoles
4. chloroplasts
How does a bacterial cell differ from a plant or animal cell?
1. It has no cytoplasm
2. It does not have a nucleus.
3. It is larger.
4. It has no organelles
Which organelles found in plant and animal cells are also found in bacterial cells?
1. endoplasmic-reticulum
2. chloroplasts
3. ribosomes
4. Golgi bodies
Cells in many-celled organisms
1. all look the same.
2. are the same in size in every part of the organism.
3. are often quite different from each other.
4. all have the same structure.
Specialized cells are found only in
1. animals.
2. single-celled organisms.
3. many-celled organisms.
4. bacteria.
All organic compounds contain the element
1. carbon.
2. nitrogen.
3. oxygen.
4. water.
DNA and RNA are
1. lipids.
2. enzymes.
3. nucleic acids.
4. amino acids.
Why is water important for a cell?
1. Water is an essential compound for the body.
2. All proteins require water to function.
3. What is the main ingredient in DNA.
4. Most chemical reactions in cells require water.
The water in a cell
1. keeps the substances from moving in and out of cells.
2. helps the cell keep its size and shape.
3. allows the temperature of the cell to change rapidly.
4. prevents chemical reactions from taking place.
Which term refers to the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?
1. active transport
2. diffusion
3. concentration
4. collision
Which term refers to the movement of molecules through a selectively permeable membrane?
1. active transport
2. passive transport
3. osmosis
4. engulfing
Which term refers to the movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy?
1. concentration
2. passive transport
3. active transport
4. collision
Which term refers to the movement of materials through a cell membrane when energy is required?
1. diffusion
2. active transport
3. passive transport
4. osmosis
What is the function of a cell wall?
1. to perform different functions in each cell
2. to protect and support the cell
3. to prevent oxygen from entering the cell
4. to prevent water from passing through it
Chromatin in the nucleus of a cell
1. controls what substances come into and out of a cell.
2. produces ribosomes and proteins.
3. contains instructions that direct the functions of a cell.
4. protects the nucleus with a rigid layer of cellulose.
Which organelles store food and other materials needed by the cell?
1. chloroplasts
2. vacuoles
3. mitochondria
4. ribosomes
Which organelles release chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones?
1. Golgi bodies
2. vacuoles
3. lysosomes
4. endoplasmic reticulum
Sugar molecules can combine to form large molecules called
1. enzymes.
2. starches.
3. lipids.
4. proteins.
The invention of the microscope made it possible for people to discover and learn about
1. cells.
2. skin.
3. plants.
4. animals.
Which of these scientists was the first person to observe what are now called bacteria?
1. Hans Janssen
2. Anton von Leeuwenhoek
3. Ernst Ruska
4. Robert Hooke

Cell Structure and Function

Multiple-choice exercise